Experimental Philosophy & Cognitive Science of Religion

How people reason about minds, gods, rituals, norms, and hidden agency.

XPhiRel is a Prague-based research group connecting experimental philosophy, cognitive science of religion, moral psychology, cultural evolution, and empirical methodology.

Research Focus

We study supernatural beliefs and related forms of reasoning as cognitive, social, cultural, and methodological problems.

Belief & cognition

Supernatural beliefs

How people understand gods, spirits, magic, invisible agents, extraordinary causation, and the boundary between religion, superstition, and conspiracy thinking.

Ritual & culture

Ritual efficacy

How people judge whether rituals work, and how group membership, intention, moral valence, and social identity shape those judgments.

Methods

Studying difficult beliefs

Surveys, vignettes, scales, qualitative approaches, cross-cultural comparison, historical data, and conceptual analysis used with care.

Latest Publication

Black and White Magic: Efficacy of In-Group versus Out-Group Rituals

Silvia Boschetti, Robin Kopecký, Jakub Binter, Lenka Příplatová, and Konrad Talmont-Kaminski. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, published online 30 June 2026.

Read the article

What it studies

Ritual efficacy and group boundaries

The article asks how people judge the efficacy of rituals associated with in-groups and out-groups, and how moral valence and social identity shape evaluations of magic.